Elisa Angelini, researcher at the Italian Centre for Research in Viticulture and Enology, gives a presentation about her field of science at the Budai Campus of the Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE) in Budapest, Hungary, on November 13, 2025, during the the 7th National Viticulture and Winemaking conference. An outbreak of the flavescence doree disease has ravaged Europe's wine regions, including in Hungary. Flavescence doree (FD) is "one of the most dangerous diseases" threatening vineyards today, according to the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV). Infection -- usually indicated by discoloured leaves -- greatly reduces vine productivity, and there is no known cure, although it is not harmful to humans. FD is transmitted primarily by the American grapevine leafhopper, a pest that has spread significantly across central Europe in recent years. (Photo by Attila KISBENEDEK / AFP via Getty Images)